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Application of Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) in Additive Manufacturing: From a General Scale to an Application-Oriented Assessment Framework
2026-06-16
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Impact score: 32
Technology Readiness Levels (TRL), developed by NASA in the 1970s–80s, have become a universal framework for assessing technology maturity worldwide. However, in the field of additive manufacturing, the applicability of TRL is being challenged—maturity levels of machines, processes, materials, and applications often progress asynchronously, and additive manufacturing materials are 'created' during the printing process, making them not directly equivalent to traditional material maturity concepts. Experts generally agree that TRL assessment for additive manufacturing should not be a single dimension but a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation, ultimately anchored to specific applications. NASA's proposed Additive Maturity Readiness Level (AMRL) is a response to this structural limitation.
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技术成熟度等级（TRL）在增材制造中的应用，从通用尺度到应用导向的评估框架
技术成熟度等级（TRL）自NASA在1970-80年代开发以来，已成为全球评估技术成熟度的通用框架。然而，在增材制造领域，TRL的适用性正受到挑战——机器、工艺、材料和应用的成熟度往往不同步，且增材制造的材料是在打印过程中“被创造”的，无法与传统制造的材料成熟度概念直接等同。专家们普遍认为，增材制造的TRL评估不应是单一维度，而应是多要素综合评估，且最终必须锚定在具体应用上。NASA提出的增材材料成熟度等级（AMRL）正是对这一结构性局限的回应。